1　OverviewandDescriptiveStatistics1
Introduction1
1.1Populations,Samples,andProcesses3
1.2PictorialandTabularMethodsinDescriptiveStatistics11
1.3MeasuresofLocation28
1.4MeasuresofVariability36
SupplementaryExercises48
Bibliography51

2　Probability52
Introduction52
2.1SampleSpacesandEvents53
2.2Axioms,Interpretations,andPropertiesofProbability58
2.3CountingTechniques67
2.4ConditionalProbability75
2.5Independence86
SupplementaryExercises92
Bibliography95

3　DiscreteRandomVariables
andProbabilityDistributions96
Introduction96
3.1RandomVariables96
3.2ProbabilityDistributionsforDiscreteRandomVariables100
3.3ExpectedValuesofDiscreteRandomVariables110
3.4TheBinomialProbabilityDistribution119
3.5HypergeometricandNegativeBinomialDistributions127
3.6ThePoissonProbabilityDistribution134
SupplementaryExercises139
Bibliography142

4　ContinuousRandomVariablesandProbabilityDistributions143
Introduction143
4.1ContinuousRandomVariablesandProbabilityDensityFunctions143
4.2CumulativeDistributionFunctionsandExpectedValues149
4.3TheNormalDistribution158
4.4TheGammaDistributionandItsRelatives171
4.5OtherContinuousDistributions178
4.6ProbabilityPlots185
SupplementaryExercises196
Bibliography200

5　JointProbabilityDistributionsandRandomSamples201
Introduction201
5.1JointlyDistributedRandomVariables202
5.2ExpectedValues,Covariance,andCorrelation215
5.3StatisticsandTheirDistributions221
5.4TheDistributionoftheSampleMean233
5.5TheDistributionofaLinearCombination239
SupplementaryExercises245
Bibliography248

6　PointEstimation249
Introduction249
6.1SomeGeneralConceptsofPointEstimation250
6.2MethodsofPointEstimation265
SupplementaryExercises274
Bibliography275

7　StatisticalIntervalsBasedonaSingleSample277
Introduction277
7.1BasicPropertiesofConfidenceIntervals278
7.2Large-SampleConfidenceIntervalsforaPopulationMeanand
Proportion287
7.3IntervalsBasedonaNormalPopulationDistribution295
7.4ConfidenceIntervalsfortheVarianceandStandardDeviationofaNormalPopulation304
SupplementaryExercises307
Bibliography309

8　TestsofHypothesesBasedonaSingleSample310
Introduction310
8.1HypothesesandTestProcedures311
8.2TestsAboutaPopulationMean321
8.3TestsConcerningaPopulationProportion334
8.4P-Values339
8.5SomeCommentsonSelectingaTestProcedure347
SupplementaryExercises350
Bibliography353

9　InferencesBasedonTwoSamples354
Introduction354
9.1zTestsandConfidenceIntervalsforaDifferenceBetweenTwoPopulationMeans355
9.2TheTwo-SampletTestandConfidenceInterval366
9.3AnalysisofPairedData374
9.4InferencesConcerningaDifferenceBetweenPopulationProportions384
9.5InferencesConcerningTwoPopulationVariances392
SupplementaryExercises396
Bibliography401

10　TheAnalysisofVariance402
Introduction402
10.1Single-FactorANOVA403
10.2MultipleComparisonsinANOVA414
10.3MoreonSingle-FactorANOVA420
SupplementaryExercises430
Bibliography432

11　MultifactorAnalysisofVariance433
Introduction433
11.1Two-FactorANOVAwithKij=1434
11.2Two-FactorANOVAwithKij>1448
11.3Three-FactorANOVA457
11.42pFactorialExperiments468
SupplementaryExercises483
Bibliography486

12　SimpleLinearRegressionandCorrelation488
Introduction488
12.1TheSimpleLinearRegressionModel489
12.2EstimatingModelParameters497
12.3InferencesAbouttheSlopeParameterB1512
12.4InferencesConcerninguY.xandthePredictionofFutureYValues520
12.5Correlation528
SupplementaryExercises538
Bibliography542

13　NonlinearandMultipleRegression543
Introduction543
13.1AptnessoftheModelandModelChecking544
13.2RegressionwithTransformedVariables552
13.3PolynomialRegression562
13.4MultipleRegressionAnalysis573
13.5OtherIssuesinMultipleRegression597
SupplementaryExercises610
Bibliography615

14　TheAnalysisofCategoricalData616
Introduction616
14.1Goodness-of-FitTestsWhenCategoryProbabilitiesAreCompletelySpecified617
14.2GoodnessofFitforCompositeHypotheses625
14.3Two-WayContingencyTables638
SupplementaryExercises646
Bibliography648

15　Distribution-FreeProcedures649
Introduction649
15.1TheWilcoxonSigned-RankTest650
15.2TheWilcoxonRank-SumTest659
15.3Distribution-FreeConfidenceIntervals666
15.4Distribution-FreeANOVA671
SupplementaryExercises675
Bibliography677

16　QualityControlMethods678
Introduction678
16.1GeneralCommentsonControlCharts679
16.2ControlChartsforProcessLocation681
16.3ControlChartsforProcessVariation690
16.4ControlChartsforAttributes695
16.5CUSUMProcedures700
16.6AcceptanceSampling709
SupplementaryExercises715
Bibliography716

AppendixTables717
A.1CumulativeBinomialProbabilities718
A.2CumulativePoissonProbabilities720
A.3StandardNormalCurveAreas722
A.4TheIncompleteGammaFunction724
A.5CriticalValuesfortDistributions725
A.6ToleranceCriticalValuesforNormalPopulationDistributions726
A.7CriticalValuesforChi-SquaredDistributions727
A.8tCurveTailAreas728
A.9CriticalValuesforFDistributions730
A.10CriticalValuesforStudentizedRangeDistributions736
A.11Chi-SquaredCurveTailAreas737
A.12CriticalValuesfortheRyan-JoinerTestofNormality739
A.13CriticalValuesfortheWilcoxonSigned-RankTest740
A.14CriticalValuesfortheWilcoxonRank-SumTest741
A.15CriticalValuesfortheWilcoxonSigned-RankInterval742
A.16CriticalValuesfortheWilcoxonRank-SumInterval743
A.17CurvesfortTests744
AnswerstoOdd-NumberedExercises745
Index765