During the three years since the first edition of this book was published, the study of photonic crystals has made steady progress. The propagation of elec- tromagnetic waves in various types of photonic crystal has been investigated thoroughly by many researchers so that the basis for practical applications is now firmly established. On the other hand, the quantum-optical aspects of photonic crystals remain less-well investigated although they may bring about completely new quantum-electrodynamical effects, due to the anoma-lous photon density of states realized-in such crystals.