PREFACE　xiii　前　言
1　 BIOLOGY AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR　1　 生物学与人类行为
ONE BRAIN OR TWO? 1　一个脑还是两个脑？
Gazzaniga, M. S. (1967). The split brain in man. Scientific American, 217(2),24–29.
MORE EXPERIENCE = BIGGER BRAIN? 11　丰富的经历=更大的大脑？
Rosenzweig, M. R., Bennett, E. L., & Diamond, M. C. (1972). Brain changes in
response to experience. Scientific American, 226(2), 22–29.
ARE YOU A “NATURAL”? 18　人的本性是“天生的”吗？
Bouchard, T., Lykken, D., McGue, M., Segal, N., & Tellegen, A. (1990). Sources of human psychological differences: The　 Minnesota study of twins reared apart.
Science, 250, 223–229.
WATCH OUT FOR THE VISUAL CLIFF! 26　小心视崖！
Gibson, E. J., & Walk, R. D. (1960). The “visual cliff.” Scientific American, 202(4),
67–71.
2　 PERCEPTION AND CONSCIOUSNESS 34　 知觉和意识
WHAT YOU SEE IS WHAT YOU’VE LEARNED 35　所见即所学
Turnbull, C. M. (1961). Some observations regarding the experiences and behavior of the BaMbuti Pygmies. American Journal of Psychology, 74, 304–308.
TO SLEEP, NO DOUBT TO DREAM . . . 41　睡眠，毫无疑问会做梦??
Aserinsky, E., & Kleitman, N. (1953). Regularly occurring periods of eye mobility and concomitant phenomena during sleep. Science, 118, 273–274.
Dement, W. (1960). The effect of dream deprivation. Science, 131, 1705–1707.
UNROMANCING THE DREAM . . . 48　梦，并不浪漫??
Hobson, J. A., & McCarley, R. W. (1977). The brain as a dream-state generator: An activation-synthesis hypothesis of the　 dream process. American Journal of Psychiatry,134, 1335–1348.
ACTING AS IF YOU ARE HYPNOTIZED 55　行动，如同被催眠了一样
Spanos, N. P. (1982). Hypnotic behavior: A cognitive, social, psychological perspective.
Research Communications in Psychology, Psychiatry, and Behavior, 7,199–213.
3　 LEARNING AND CONDITIONING 64　 学习和条件反射
IT’S NOT JUST ABOUT SALIVATING DOGS! 64　不只限于分泌唾液的狗
Pavlov, I. P. (1927). Conditioned reflexes. London: Oxford University Press.
LITTLE EMOTIONAL ALBERT 71　情绪化的小阿尔伯特
Watson, J. B., & Rayner, R. (1920). Conditioned emotional responses. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 3, 1–14.
KNOCK WOOD! 77　敲敲木头
Skinner, B. F. (1948). Superstition in the pigeon. Journal of Experimental Psychology,38, 168–172.
SEE AGGRESSION . . . DO AGGRESSION! 84　观察到攻击行为??做出攻击行为
Bandura, A., Ross, D., & Ross, S. A. (1961). Transmission of aggression through imitation of aggressive models. Journal of　 Abnormal and Social Psychology, 63,575–582.
4　 INTELLIGENCE, COGNITION,AND MEMORY 93　智力、认知和记忆
WHAT YOU EXPECT IS WHAT YOU GET 93　所想即所得
Rosenthal, R., & Jacobson, L. (1966). Teachers’ expectancies: Determinates of pupils’ IQ gains. Psychological Reports, 19, 115–118.
JUST HOWARE YOU INTELLIGENT? 100　你在哪方面更聪明？
Gardner, H. (1983) Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. New York: Basic Books.
MAPS IN YOUR MIND 109　心中的地图
Tolman, E. C. (1948). Cognitive maps in rats and men. Psychological Review, 55,189–208.
THANKS FOR THE MEMORIES! 116　感谢记忆！
Loftus, E. F. (1975). Leading questions and the eyewitness report. Cognitive Psychology,7, 560–572.
5　 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT 126　 人的发展
DISCOVERING LOVE 126　爱的发现
Harlow, H. F. (1958). The nature of love. American Psychologist, 13, 673–685.
OUT OF SIGHT, BUT NOT OUT OF MIND 134　眼不见，不一定心不烦
Piaget, J. (1954). The development of object concept: The construction of reality in the child (pp. 3–96). New York: Basic　 Books.
HOW MORAL ARE YOU? 142　你的品德如何？
Kohlberg, L. (1963). The development of children’s orientations toward a moral order: Sequence in the development of moral　 thought. Vita Humana, 6, 11–33.
IN CONTROL AND GLAD OF IT! 150　让你愉快的控制力
Langer, E. J., & Rodin, J. (1976). The effects of choice and enhanced personal responsibility for the aged: A field　 experiment in an institutional setting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 191–198.
6　 EMOTION AND MOTIVATION 158　 情绪和动机
A SEXUAL MOTIVATION . . . 158　性动机
Masters, W. H., & Johnson, V. E. (1966). Human sexual response. Boston: Little,Brown.
I CAN SEE IT ALL OVER YOUR FACE! 168　我能读懂你的脸！
Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1971). Constants across cultures in the face and emotion. Journal of Personality and Social　 Psychology, 17, 124–129.
LIFE, CHANGE, AND STRESS 175　生活、变化和应激
Holmes, T. H., & Rahe, R. H. (1967). The Social Readjustment Rating Scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 11, 213–218.
THOUGHTS OUT OF TUNE 183　认知失调
Festinger, L., & Carlsmith, J. M. (1959). Cognitive consequences of forced compliance.Journal of Abnormal and Social　 Psychology, 58, 203–210.
7　 PERSONALITY 191　　人　格
ARE YOU THE MASTER OF YOUR FATE? 192　你能主宰自己的命运吗？
Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological　 Monographs, 80, 1–28.
MASCULINE OR FEMININE . . . OR BOTH? 199　男性化、女性化??还是双性化？
Bem, S. L. (1974). The measurement of psychological androgyny. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42, 155–162.
RACING AGAINST YOUR HEART 209　和心脏赛跑
Friedman, M., & Rosenman, R. H. (1959). Association of specific overt behavior pattern with blood and cardiovascular　 findings. Journal of the American Medical Association,169, 1286–1296.
THE ONE; THE MANY . . . 217　个人与集体
Triandis, H., Bontempo, R., Villareal, M., Asai, M., & Lucca, N. (1988).Individualism and collectivism: Cross-cultural　 perspectives on self-ingroup relationships.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 323–338.
8　 PSYCHOPATHOLOGY 226　心理病理学
WHO’S CRAZY HERE, ANYWAY? 226　这儿，谁是疯子？
Rosenhan, D. L. (1973). On being sane in insane places. Science, 179, 250–258.
YOU’RE GETTING DEFENSIVE AGAIN! 234　你再次获得防御！
Freud, A. (1946). The ego and the mechanisms of defense. New York: International Universities Press.
LEARNING TO BE DEPRESSED 242　习得性抑郁
Seligman, M. E. P., & Maier, S. F. (1967). Failure to escape traumatic shock.Journal of Experimental Psychology, 74, 1–9.
CROWDING INTO THE BEHAVIORAL SINK 249　拥挤导致行为失常
Calhoun, J. B. (1962). Population density and social pathology. Scientific American,206(3), 139–148.
9　 PSYCHOTHERAPY 258　心理治疗
CHOOSING YOUR PSYCHOTHERAPIST 258　为自己挑选心理治疗师
Smith, M. L., & Glass, G. V. (1977). Meta-analysis of psychotherapy outcome studies.
American Psychologist, 32, 752–760.
RELAXING YOUR FEARS AWAY 264　缓解你的恐惧心理
Wolpe, J. (1961). The systematic desensitization treatment of neuroses. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 132, 180–203.
PROJECTIONS OF WHO YOU ARE 272　投射出真正的你
Rorschach, H. (1942). Psychodiagnostics: A diagnostic test based on perception. New York: Grune & Stratton.
PICTURE THIS! 279　编个故事吧！
Murray, H. A. (1938). Explorations in personality (pp. 531–545). New York: Oxford University Press.

10　 SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 287　　社会心理学
NOT PRACTICING WHAT YOU PREACH 287　 言行不一
LaPiere, R. T. (1934). Attitudes and actions. Social Forces, 13, 230–237.
THE POWER OF CONFORMITY 295　从众的力量
Asch, S. E. (1955). Opinions and social pressure. Scientific American, 193(5),31–35.
TO HELP OR NOT TO HELP 300　你会伸出援手吗？
Darley, J. M., & Latané, B. (1968). Bystander intervention in emergencies: Diffusion of responsibility. Journal of　 Personality and Social Psychology, 8, 377–383.
OBEY AT ANY COST? 308　无条件服从？
Milgram, S. (1963). Behavioral study of obedience. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67, 371–378.
Author Index 317　作者索引
Subject Index 319　 主题索引